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Histopathology Recipe Formulary A to I Return to Main Formulary Index |
| ACETIC LACMOID - (La Cour) | |
|---|---|
| Lacmoid | 1 g |
| Glacial acetic acid | 45 ml |
| Water | 55 ml |
| Place lacmoid and water in a flask, heat to dissolve, add acid and cool. |
| ACETIC ORCEIN - (La Cour) | |
|---|---|
| Orcein | 1 g |
| Glacial acetic acid | 45 ml |
| Water | 55 ml |
| Place orcein and acid in a flask and plug with cotton wool, bring to near boiling, cool and add water. |
| ACETO-CARMINE - (Schneider) | |
|---|---|
| Carmine | 0.5 g |
| Glacial acetic acid | 45 ml |
| Water | 55 ml |
| Place carmine and water in a 200 ml flask, bring to boil, add acetic acid, plug flask with cotton wool and boil again; cool and filter. |
| ACID ALCOHOL - (Gurr) | |
|---|---|
| Ethanol 70% | 100 ml |
| Hydrochloric acid | 3 ml |
| ACID ALCOHOL DECOLORIZER - (Lempert) | |
|---|---|
| Pure hydrochloric acid | 0.5 ml |
| Sodium chloride | 0.5 g |
| Methanol, pure | 75 ml |
| Water | 25 ml |
| ACID FUCHSIN - (Mallory) | |
|---|---|
| Acid Fuchsin 1/2% aqueous |
| ALBERT STAIN No. 1 - (Gurr) | |
|---|---|
| Toluidine blue | 0.15 g |
| Malachite green | 0.2 g |
| Glacial acetic acid | 1 ml |
| Ethanol (95%) | 2 ml |
| Distilled Water | 100 ml |
| ALBERT STAIN No. 2 - (Gurr) | |
|---|---|
| Iodine | 2 g |
| Potassium iodide | 3 g |
| Distilled water | 300 ml |
| .Add iodine and iodine to about 25 ml. water, when solution comploete, add remainder of water. |
| ALCIAN BLUE - (Gurr) | |
|---|---|
| Alcian blue 8GX | 1 g |
| Water | 100 ml |
| Dissolve and add a crystal of thymol or a few drops of chloroform to preserve. |
| ALUM CARMINE - (Gurr) | |
|---|---|
| Carmine | 10 g |
| Ammonia alum | 25 g |
| Water | 500 ml |
| .Mix and bring to boil, cool, filter and make up to 500 ml: add 5 ml formaldehyde. |
| ANILINE BLUE - (Masson) | |
|---|---|
| Aniline blue water soluble | 2 g |
| Acetic acid 2% | 100 ml |
| ANILINE BLUE-ORANGE G - (Mallory) | |
|---|---|
| Aniline Blue water soluble | 2.5g |
| Orange G | 10 g |
| Phosphotungstic Acid | 5 g |
| Water | 500 ml |
| ANILINE BLUE-ORANGE G, ACETIC (for Azan Stain) - (Gurr) | |
|---|---|
| Aniline blue water soluble | 0.5 g |
| Orange G | 2 g |
| Acetic acid 8% | 100 ml |
| Warm to dissolve; filter when cold. |
| ANILINE GENTIAN VIOLET - (Gurr) | |
|---|---|
| Gentian violet | 10 g |
| Aniline | 5 ml |
| Ethanol, absolute | 20 ml |
| Water | 175 ml |
| Warm water to about 40 degrees C., stir in genetian violet and aniline; add alcohol; filter |
| ANILINE XYLENE - (Gurr) | |
|---|---|
| Aniline and Xylene | equal volumes |
| ARCHIBALD'S STAIN - (Gurr) | |
|---|---|
| No. 1 Thionin | 0.5 g |
| Formalin | 1.0 ml |
| 2.5%% Phenol in water | 100 ml |
| No. 2 Methylene blue | 0.5 g |
| Formalin | 1.0 ml |
| 2.5% Phenol in water | 100 ml |
| Allow to stand 24 hours and mix equal parts before use. |
| AURAMINE PHENOL - (Lempert) | |
|---|---|
| 3% aqueous phenol | 100 ml |
| Warm to about 30 degrees C. and add | |
| Auramine | 0.3 g |
| Shake well and filter. |
| AZO BLACK (Chlorazol Black E) - (Gurr) | |
|---|---|
| 0.5% Azo black in water or 70% Alcohol. | |
| . |
| AZOCARMINE (for Heidenhain Azan Stain) - (Gurr) | |
|---|---|
| Azocarmine B (or G) | 0.5 g |
| Acetic acid glacial | 1 ml |
| Water | to 100 ml |
| AZURE A-ERIE GARNET - (Gurr) | |
|---|---|
| 1. Azure A 1% aqueous | 100 ml |
| 2. Erie garnet B 1/2% aqueous | 50 ml |
| 3. Solution A | 20 ml |
| Solution B | |
| Mix rapidly and filter. | |
| Note: Solution 3 should be prepared by mixing the stock. Solutions (1 and 2) as and when required for use. |
| BEST'S CARMINE STOCK STOLUTION - (Gurr) | |
|---|---|
| Carmine | 2.5 g |
| Potass. carbonate | 1.25 g |
| Potass. chloride | 6.25 g |
| Water | 75 ml |
| Place all ingredients in a beaker, stir and boil gently for a few minutes. | |
| Cool and add liq. ammon. fort. 25 ml | |
| Do not filter. Keep in refrigerator. |
| BIEBRICH SCARLET ACETIC - (Gurr) | |
|---|---|
| Biebrich scarlet | 0.2 g |
| 1% acetic acid | 100 ml |
| . |
| BIEBRICH SCARLET - (glycerol-alcohol) - (Gurr) | |
|---|---|
| Biebrich scarlet 1% aqueous | 25 ml |
| Glycerol | 10 ml |
| Ethanol, absolute | 40 ml |
| Water | 425 ml |
| A low staining time (10 - 15 minutes) gives very good results |
| BORAX CARMINE - (Grenacher) | |
|---|---|
| Carmine | 2 g |
| Borax | 8 g |
| Water | 200 ml |
| Boil all together for half an hour; col and make up to 200 ml, then add - ethanol 70% 200 ml |
| BORAX METHYLENE BLUE (Unna) | |
|---|---|
| Methylene blue | 5 g |
| Borax | 5 g |
| Water | 500 ml |
| Heat water to 60 degrees C. and stir in solids; allow to cool slowly. Improves with age. |
| BORAX METHYLENE BLUE (Manson) | |
|---|---|
| Methylene blue | 10 g |
| Borax | 25 g |
| Water | 500 ml |
| Warm water to 60 degrees C. and stir in solids; allow to cool slowly. Improves with age. |
| BORREL'S METHYLENE BLUE (Gurr) | |
|---|---|
| SOLUTION A | |
| Methylene blue | 1 g |
| Water | 100 ml |
| SOLUTION B | |
| Silver nitrate | 0.5 g |
| Water | 100 ml |
| Dissolve the silver nitrate in the water in a 500 ml beaker
and add gradually 2% sodium hydroxide with constant stirring until no more
precipitate is formed. Allow precipitate to settle and decent liquid.
Wash precipitate with distilled water until washings are no longer alkaline
to litmus.
Add solution A to the washed silver hydroxide and boil for 5 minutes, cool and filter |
| BOUIN FIXATIVE (Picro-Formal) - (Gurr) | |
|---|---|
| Picric acid saturated aqueous solution | 75 ml |
| Formalin | 25 ml |
| Glacial acetic acid | 5 ml |
| . |
| BREED'S STAIN - Methylene Blue - (Breed) | |
|---|---|
| Methylene blue | 0.3 g |
| Ethanol, absolute | 30 ml |
| Dissolve and add - phenol 2.5% aqueous | 100 ml |
| BRUN'S GLUCOSE MOUNTANT - (Gurr) | |
|---|---|
| Glucose | 40 g |
| Glycerol | 10 ml |
| Thymol 2.5 aqueous | 10 ml |
| Water | 140 ml |
| CARBOL FUCHSIN - (Ziehl-Neelsen) | |
|---|---|
| Basic fuchsin | 1 g |
| Phenol | 5 g |
| Ethanol, absolute | 10 ml |
| Water | 100 ml |
| Dissolve fuchsin in alcohol; dissolve phenol in water and mix the two solutions. |
| CARBOL FUCHSIN, DILUTE - (Gurr) | |
|---|---|
| Carbol fuchsin | 10 ml |
| Water | 90 ml |
| . |
| CARBOL GENTIAN VIOLET - (Gurr) | |
|---|---|
| Genetian violet | 5 g |
| Phenol | 10 g |
| Ethanol, absolute | 100 ml |
| Water | 500 ml |
| Warm water to about 40 degrees C. stir in genetian violet and phenol; add alcohol and filter. |
| CARBOL PYRONINE METHYL GREEN - (Gurr) | |
|---|---|
| Methyl green 2% aqueous | 4 ml |
| Pyronine 5% aqueous | 7 ml |
| Ethanol, absolute | 2.5 ml |
| Glycerol | 20 ml |
| Phenol 0.5% aqueous | 66.5 ml |
| CARBOL THIONIN - (Gurr) | |
|---|---|
| Thionin | 1 g |
| Phenol | 5 g |
| Ethanol, absolute | 50 ml |
| Water | 500 ml |
| Triturate thionin with alcohol, add phenol and water; filter. |
| CARBOL XYLENE - (Gurr) | |
|---|---|
| Phenol | 125 g |
| Xylene | 375 ml |
| . |
| CARMALUM - (Gurr) | |
|---|---|
| Carmalum | 10 g |
| Acetic acid, glacial | 5 ml |
| Water | 200 ml |
| Gently boil for one hour, cool and filter. |
| CARNOY FLUID - (Gurr) | |
|---|---|
| Glacial acetic acid | 10 ml |
| Chloroform | 30 ml |
| Ethanol, absolute | 60 ml |
| . |
| CHROME HAEMATOXYLIN - (Gormori) | |
|---|---|
| Haematoxylin 1% aqueous | 50 ml |
| Chrome alum 10% aqueous | 15 ml |
| Potassium dichromate 10% aqueous | 1 ml |
| Sulphuric acid, conc. | 0.1 ml |
| CHROME HAEMATOXYLIN - (Hansen) | |
|---|---|
| Haematoxylin 1% aqueous | 30 ml |
| Chrome alum 10% aqueous | 30 ml |
| Potassium dichromate 10% aqueous | 2 ml |
| Sulphuric acid, conc. | 0.2 ml |
| COLOPHONIUM ALCOHOL - (Gurr) | |
|---|---|
| Colophonium 2% in absolute ethanol. |
| COTTON BLUE-LACTOPHENOL - (Stock Solution) - (Gurr) | |
|---|---|
| Cotton blue | 1 g |
| Lactophenol | 100 ml |
| For use dilute 5 ml of this solution to 100 ml. with lactophenol. | |
| . |
| COTTON BLUE-MAGENTA-LACTOPHENOL - (Gurr) | |
|---|---|
| Cotton blue 1% in lactophenol | 4 ml |
| *Magenta 1% in lactophenol | 2 ml |
| Lactophenol | 50 ml |
| *Magenta; syn; basic fuchin |
| CRYSTAL VIOLET - (Gurr) | |
|---|---|
| Crystal violet 0.5% aqueous | |
| . |
| CYANOL STOCK SOLUTION - (Gurr) | |
|---|---|
| Xylene Cyanol, (or Patent Blue V) | 1 g |
| Water | 100 ml |
| Dissolve and add - | |
| Zinc powder | 10 g |
| Glacial acetic acid | 2 ml |
| Boil until decolourised and freshly filter before use; the solution keeps for several weeks. |
| DELAFIELD HAEMATOXYLIN - Gurr | |
|---|---|
| (1) Haematoxylin | 8.0 g |
| Ethanol Absolute | 250 ml |
| Dissolve in water bath or electric hot plate, then cool and filter | . |
| (ii) Ammonia Alum. | 16 g |
| Water | 800ml |
| Dissolve by warming | |
| Mix the above two solutions and add - | |
| Glycerol | 200ml |
| Mix thoroughly and leave exposed to daylight to ripen for at least 6 weeks; or ripen immediately by adding 0.4 g. potass. permanganate dissolved in 10 ml of warm distilled water. |
| EHRLICH'S TRIACID STAIN - (Gurr) | |
|---|---|
| Orange G. satd. aqueous soln. | 70ml |
| Acid fuchsin aqueous solution 20% | 35ml |
| Ethanol, absolute | 75ml |
| Methyl green aqueous solution 10% | 62ml |
| Alcohol | 50ml |
| Glycerol | 50ml |
| Mix in the order given, using same measure unwashed; shake well after adding methyl green. Do not filter. |
| ELASTIN STAIN - (Weigert) | |
|---|---|
| Weigert's elastin stain | 0.75 g |
| Silver Sand | 5 g |
| Ethanol, absolute | 100 ml |
| Hydrochloric Acid, conc | 2 ml |
| Place dry stain and sand in a mortar, add alcohol and grind for about five minutes. Transfer solution and residue to a flask, plug with cotton wool and boil in a water bath for 20 minutes. Cool, filter and add the acid. Note: The solution deteriorates in 3-4 weeks. |
| ELASTIN STAIN - (Sheridan) | |
|---|---|
| Use Sheridan's dry elastin stain and prepare in the same
manner as Weigert's.
Note: The solution remains stable for at least 12 months provided it is stored in a well closed battle, kept in a cool place and away from strong light. |
| EOSIN - (Gurr) | |
|---|---|
| Eosin Y water soluble | 1 g |
| Tap water | 100 ml |
| Add chloroform to preserve. | |
| . |
| ERYTHROSIN - (Gurr) | |
|---|---|
| Erythrosin | 1 g |
| Tap water | 100 ml |
| Add chloroform to preserve. |
| EAU DE JAVELLE - (Gurr) | |
|---|---|
| A. Bleaching powder | 50 gm |
| Water | 250 ml |
| Shake well; then allow to stand for several hours in a closed bottle. | |
| B. Potassium carbonate | 37.5 gm |
| Water | 250 ml |
| Mix solution A with solution B; allow the mixture to stand for several hours; then decent or filter through glass wool. |
| FARRANT'S MEDIUM - (Gurr) | |
|---|---|
| Gum acacia powder | 150 gm |
| Water | 150 ml |
| Warm the water to about 40 degrees C; sprinkle the gum on the surface of the water a little at a time and stir in with a glass rod; then stir in: | |
| Arsenious oxide | 0.5 gm |
| Leave overnight; then stir well before adding: | |
| Glycerol | 150 ml |
| Stir well; filter through surgical lint, or decant after standing for several days or weeks, if necessary. |
| FAST GREEN FCF - (Gurr) | |
|---|---|
| Fast green FCF 0.5% in ethanol or water | |
| . |
| FAT RED 7B (Fettrot 7B) - (Gurr) | |
|---|---|
| Prepare saturated solution as Sudan Black (P.G. Solution). |
| FEULGEN SOLUTION (Schiff Reagent) - (Gurr) | |
|---|---|
| Fuchsin, Basic | 1 g |
| Water | 200 ml |
| Potass. metabisulphite | 2 g |
| Hydrochloric acid. pure | 2 ml |
| Decolourising charcoal | 0.5 g |
| Boil water and add fuchsin, when dissolved cool to about 50 degrees C. and add metabisulphite, dissolve and allow to cool to room temperature. Add acid, plug flask with wool and leave overnight. Add charcoal, shake and filter. The solution should now be colourless. |
| FEULGEN SULPHUROUS ACID SOLUTION - (Gurr) | |
|---|---|
| Potass. metabisulphite | 1 g |
| Water | 200 ml |
| N/1 hydrochloric acid | 10 ml |
| FIELD'S STAIN - (Gurr) | |
|---|---|
| SOLUTION A | |
| Methylene blue | 1.6 g |
| Azure 1 | 1.0 g |
| Disodium hydrogen phosphate anhydrous | 2.6 g |
| Potassium dihydrogen phosphate | 2.6 g |
| Water | 1 litre |
| Place all in a flask in a warm water bath for half an hour, leave to stand twenty-four hours at room temperature; filter. | |
| SOLUTION B | |
| Eosin Y | 2.0 g |
| Disodium hydrogen phosphate anhydrous | 2.6 g |
| Potassium dihydrogen phosphate | 2.6 g |
| Water | 1 litre |
| Dissolve in water and filter. |
| FLAGELLA STAIN - (Casares-Gil) | |
|---|---|
| Tannic acid | 20 g |
| Alum chloride hydrated | 36 g |
| Zinc chloride | 20 g |
| Rosaniline hydrochloride | 3 g |
| Ethanol 60% | 80 ml |
| Mix solids in mortar and add about 20 ml of the 60% ethanol; mix and stir in remainder of the ethanol. |
| FONTANA'S STAIN - (Gurr) | |
|---|---|
| A. FIXATIVE (Ruge's solution) | |
| Glacial acetic acid | 1 ml |
| Formalin | 2 ml |
| Water | 100 ml |
| B. MORDANT. Tannic acid 5% aqueous | |
| C. SILVER STAIN | |
| Dissolve 5 g. silver nitrate in 100 ml. distilled water. | |
| Dilute 5 ml. of concentrated ammonia solution (sp. gr. 0.880) with
45 ml of distilled water; add 35 ml. of the diluted ammonia to 90
ml. of the silver solution and continue to add ammonia dropwise until the
precipitate formed is just redissolved. Now add sufficient of the
remaining silver solution, dropwise until the solution again becomes slightly
opalescent.
Warning: To minimise risk of explosion solution C should be kept in a cool dark place. |
| FOOT'S SILVER SOLUTION - (Gurr) | |
|---|---|
| Silver nitrate 10% aqueous | 12 ml |
| Sodium hydroxide 10% | 9 drops |
| Add strong ammonia dropwise until the precipitate is just dissolved. Make up the volume with distilled water to 42 ml |
| FORMOL-ACETIC-ALCOHOL (F.A.A. fixative) - (Gurr) | |
|---|---|
| Glacial acetic acid | 5 ml |
| Formalin | 5 ml |
| 70% Ethanol | 90 ml |
| . |
| FORMOL ALCOHOL (Alcoholic-Formol) - (Gurr) | |
|---|---|
| Formalin | 1 part |
| Ethanol, absolute | 9 parts |
| FORMOL-CALCIUM (Baker 1944) - (Gurr) | |
|---|---|
| Calcium Chloride | 1 g |
| Formalin | 25 ml |
| Water | 225 ml |
| . |
| FORMOL-SALINE - (Gurr) | |
|---|---|
| Sodium chloride | 8.5 g |
| Formalin | 100 ml |
| Water | 900 ml |
| FORMOL SUBLIMATE FIXATIVE - (Gurr) | |
|---|---|
| Mercuric chloride satd. solin. | 90 ml |
| Formalin | 10 ml |
| . |
| GALLOCYANIN - (Einarson) | |
|---|---|
| Gallocyanin | 0.15 g |
| Chrome Alum | 5 g |
| Water | 100 ml |
| Dissolve alum in warm water, add dye and boil for 10 minutes; cool. filter and make volume up to 100 ml with water. |
| GIEMSA STAIN - (Gurr) | |
|---|---|
| Azur II eosin | 3.0 g |
| Azur II | 0.8 g |
| Glycerol | 250 ml |
| Pure methanol | 250 ml |
| Instead of azur II eosin and azur II, 3.8 g. of the compounded
Giemsa stain powder may be used.
Place all in a flask, plug neck loosely with cotton wool and warm on a water bath for 1 hour; cool and filter. Note: Gurr's Improved Giemsa R 66 solution should be purchased ready prepared. |
| GLYCEROL ALBUMEN - (Mayer) | |
|---|---|
| *Egg albumen | 100 ml |
| Glycerol | 100 ml |
| Sodium salicylate | 2 gm |
| Shake well; allow to stand in a
closed glass vessel for several hours; then filter if necessary;
this takes a considerable time unless a filter pump is employed.
*Four or five fresh eggs are required to produce 100 ml of albumen. |
| GLYCEROL JELLY - (Gurr) | |
|---|---|
| Gelatine granular | 100 gm |
| Water | 650 ml |
| Warm the water, in a 2-litre beaker or an enamel bowl, to about 40-50 degrees C.; then sprinkle the gelatine on the surface of the water a little at a time, stirring in each lot with a glass rod; then add and stir in: | |
| Glycerol | 700 gm |
| Pour the mixture into screw cap storage jars, and add a crystal of thymol to each. | |
| Keep the jars tightly closed. |
| GOTHARD'S DIFFERENTIATOR - (Gurr) | |
|---|---|
| Creosote | 50 ml |
| Cajuput oil | 40 ml |
| Xylene | 50 ml |
| Absolute ethanol | 150 ml |
| GRAM'S IODINE - (Gurr) | |
|---|---|
| Iodine | 1 g |
| Potassium iodide | 2 g |
| Water | 300 ml |
| Add iodine and iodide to about 25 ml. water. when solution complete, add remainder of water. |
| GRAM'S IODINE - (Kopeloff & Beerman) | |
|---|---|
| Iodine | 2 g |
| N/1 sodium hydroxide solution | 10 ml |
| After iodine has dissolved add: | |
| Distilled water | 90 ml |
| HAEMALUM - (Mayer) | |
|---|---|
| Haematoxylin 10% in alcohol | 10 ml |
| Sodium iodate | 0.2 g |
| Ammonia or potash Alum | 50 g |
| Chloral hydrate | 50 g |
| Citric acid | 1 g |
| Water | 1 litre |
| Dissolve solids in the water and add haematoxylin solution. |
| HARRIS HAEMATOXYLIN - (Gurr) | |
|---|---|
| Haematoxylin 10% alcoholic solution (freshly prepared) | 25 ml |
| Ammonia alum | 50 g |
| Water | 500 ml |
| Mercuric oxide | 1.25 g |
| Dissolve alum in water by warming: add haematoxylin
solution: bring to boil, add mercury oxide and stir in while still
boiling. Cool rapidly in a cold water bath; filter.
Mallory recommended the addition of 5% acetic acid. |
| HAYEM'S BLOOD COUNTING FLUID FOR RED CELLS - (Gurr) | |
|---|---|
| Sodium chloride | 1.2 g |
| Sodium sulphate | 3.0 g |
| Mercuric chloride | 0.3 g |
| Water | 120 ml |
| Dissolve mercuric chloride in warm water. add remainder, dissolve and filter. |
| HEIDENHAIN'S IRON HAEMATOXYLIN - (Gurr) | |
|---|---|
| No. 1 or (A) | |
| Iron alum | 3 g |
| Water, freshly boiled | 100 ml |
| No. 2 or (B) | |
| Haematoxylin 10% alcoholic | 5 ml |
| Water | 95 ml |
| HELLY'S FIXATIVE - (Gurr) | |
|---|---|
| Potassium dichromate 3% aqueous | 50 ml |
| Mercuric chloride saturated aqueous solution | 50 ml |
| Sodium sulphate | 1 g |
| Immediately before use add 1 ml formaldehyde to each 20 mls |
| HISS'S CAPSULE STAIN - (Gurr) | |
|---|---|
| No. 1 | |
| Basic fuchsin 10% in alcohol | 5 ml |
| Water | 95 ml |
| No. 2 | |
| Copper sulphate 20% aqueous solution |
| HITCHCOCK-EHRICH MIXTURE - (Gurr) | |
|---|---|
| A. Malachite green | 1 g |
| Water | 50 ml |
| B. Acridine red | 3 g |
| Water | 150 ml |
| Mix one part A with 3 parts of B immediately before use. |
| IRON ACETO CARMINE - (Belling) | |
|---|---|
| Aceto carmine | 54 ml |
| Ferric oxide saturated solution in 45% acetic acid | 2 ml |